![]() Being so large and convoluted, it is a special construct of nature, unrelated to evolutionary scaling. The third dogma derives from the second, and states that our brain is structurally special, an outlier as compared with other primates. These round numbers have become widely adopted, although data provided by different authors have led to a broad range of 75-125 billion neurons in the whole brain. The second dogma claims that the human brain contains 100 billion neurons, plus 10-fold more glial cells. The first dogma states that the cerebral cortex is the pinnacle of brain evolution - based on the observations that its volume is greater in more 'intelligent' species, and that cortical surface area grows more than any other brain region, to reach the largest proportion in higher primates and humans. ![]() Owing to methodological shortcomings and a certain conservatism that consolidates wrong assumptions in the literature, some dogmas have become established and reproduced in papers and textbooks, derived from quantitative features of the brain.
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